Syringomyelia

Introduction

A Chiari malformation, previously called an Arnold-Chiari malformation, is where the lower part of the brain pushes down into the spinal canal.

There are four main types, but type 1, called Chiari I, is the most common.

In someone with Chiari I, the lowest part of the back of the brain extends into the spinal canal. This can put pressure on the brainstem, spinal cord, and obstruct the flow of fluid.

Are Chiari I malformations serious?

The severity of Chiari malformations can vary from person to person, but generally:

Chiari I malformations aren't considered life-threatening
some people experience painful headaches, movement problems and other unpleasant symptoms, but many people won't have any symptoms
there's a chance of developing syringomyelia (where a fluid-filled cavity called asyrinx develops in the spinal cord), which can damage the spinal cord if not treated promptly
surgery can usually stopthe symptoms getting worseand can sometimes improve them, although some problems may remain

Talk to your doctor about what the condition means, what the implications may be for your health and what treatment you may need.

Medically Reviewed by a doctor on 12 Jul 2016

Articles for syringomyelia

Introduction

A Chiari malformation, previously called an Arnold-Chiari malformation, is where the lower part of the brain pushes down into the spinal canal.

Many people with a Chiari I malformation will not have any symptoms. Sometimes they're only found after an (MRI) scan of the brain is carried out for another reason. If you develop syringomyelia, you may also experience problems using your hands, difficulty walking, pain, and problems with bladder or bowel control.

Treatment

Treatment for Chiari I malformation depends on whether you have any symptoms and how severe they are. You might not need any treatment if you don't have any symptoms. Painkillers can help relieve any headaches and neck pain. The main operation for Chiari malformation is called decompression surgery.

Causes

The exact cause of Chiari I malformations is unknown. It tends to be present from birth, but is normally only found in adulthood when symptoms develop or when an MRI scan is done. Many cases are thought to be the result of part of the skull not being large enough for the brain.

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